Every guitarist needs to know how to read tablature (a.k.a. "tab"). Tablature is the most widely used method of reading music for guitar, and is often much easier for people to read than standard notation. So in this lesson, we're going to learn the basic fundamentals of how tablature works. (Also note that in all the exercises below, standard notation is written directly above the tab, but in this particular lesson we'll just be focusing on the tab.)
The Guitar Strings
First thing we should know, is how the guitar strings relate to tab. Take a look at the tab image below. You'll see six horizontal lines. Those lines represent the guitar strings. At the bottom, you'll see the Low E(6th string), then the A(5th string), then the D(4th string), then the G(3rd string), then the B(2nd string), then at the top you'll see the High E(1st string). Be sure to memorize which lines represent which strings.
Playing Notes
Next, let's look at how notes will be indicated in tablature. Check out the tab image below. See those numbers on the Low E and A strings? Those numbers represent what frets to play on the strings. So, as we go in order from left to right, we'll see that the first note we play is "0" on the Low E string. Then we'll play another "0". Anytime you see a "0", that simply means you play the string open without pressing on any frets. When we get to the third note in the tab, we see a "2" on the A string. That means that you'll play the 2nd fret of the A string. Then for the fourth note, you'll play the same thing.
If you look under the tab, you'll see the indicated pickstrokes. The first note will be picked with a downstroke, the second note will be picked with an upstroke, and so on.
Legato
Okay, so we know how to read the notes now, but how do we recognize legato in tab? In the image below, we have three measures displayed. In each of those three measures, there is a different form of legato being used.
1. The 1st measure is indicating that hammer-ons be used. See how there is a tie symbol connecting the 5th and 7th fret notes? That means that we'll be using legato to play those notes. First you'll play the 5th fret note with a downstroke, then you'll hammer-on the 7th fret note.
2. The 2nd measure is indicating that slides be used. Again, you'll see the tie symbols connecting the notes, in addition to forward and backward slashes. A forward slash indicates an upward slide. A backward slash indicates a downward slide. With the first two notes, you'll slide up from the 5th fret to the 7th fret. Then with the next two notes, you'll slide down from the 7th fret to the 5th fret.
3. The 3rd measure is indicating that pull-offs be used. Again, you'll notice those ties. First you'll play the 7th fret note with a downstroke, then you'll pull-off to the 5th fret note.
Chords
We can also read chords in tablature. With all the above examples, there was only one note being played at a time. However, when you're playing chords, the notes will be stacked on top of each other vertically. Check out the image below and you'll see how chords can be written in tab. So anytime you have notes vertically lined up in tab, that means you need to play those notes at the same time.
Alrighty! That sums up the working fundamentals of tablature. It's pretty basic, which is exactly how it's meant to be. :) If you'd like to go beyond basic tab and start learning how to read standard notation, click here to check out the "Music Reading for Guitar" tutorial.
Lastly, if you ever aren't sure what something means in a tab, feel free to ask us in the forums. Okay, now that you know how to read tablature, go start learning!
